Diabetes is a disease in which the body has a shortage of insulin, a decreased ability to use insulin, or both. Insulin is a hormone that allows glucose (sugar) to enter cells, where it is converted into energy. When diabetes is not controlled, glucose and fats remain in the blood and, over time, damage the vital organs.

Causes :

The exact cause of Type 1 diabetes is unknown. What is known is that the immune system — which normally fights harmful bacteria or viruses — attacks and destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. This leaves you with little or no insulin. Instead of being transported into your cells, sugar builds up in your bloodstream. In Type 2 diabetes, your cells become resistant to the action of insulin, and your pancreas is unable to produce enough insulin to overcome this resistance. Instead of moving into your cells, where it is needed for energy, sugar builds up in your bloodstream.